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Which of the following are examples of rainwater management techniques?

  1. Green roofs, rooftop gardens, filtration systems

  2. Bioswale, dry pond, xeriscaping, rain garden

  3. Pervious pavement, water treatment plants, tank systems

  4. Rain barrels, gutters, water cisterns

The correct answer is: Bioswale, dry pond, xeriscaping, rain garden

Rainwater management techniques are crucial for effectively managing stormwater and promoting sustainability in urban and rural environments. The selection that includes bioswales, dry ponds, xeriscaping, and rain gardens exemplifies these techniques since they are specifically designed to reduce runoff and improve water quality. Bioswales are landscape elements designed to concentrate and convey stormwater while removing debris and pollution. Dry ponds temporarily hold runoff, allowing for gradual infiltration and reducing peak flow rates. Xeriscaping promotes water conservation by designing landscapes that require minimal irrigation. Rain gardens are strategically placed to capture rainwater runoff from impervious surfaces and allow it to soak into the ground. The other options include elements that may support water management but do not exemplify rainwater management techniques as effectively. For instance, while green roofs and rooftop gardens promote water retention and can reduce runoff, they are not as direct in the management of rainwater as the techniques specified in the selected answer. Pervious pavement allows for water infiltration but isn’t as comprehensive in addressing stormwater management overall as the alternative in the identified selection. Similarly, rain barrels, gutters, and water cisterns are more storage solutions rather than active techniques for managing rainwater on-site.